Feeling Unsettled? Jackson Pollock is the Cure.

(Jackson Pollock Mural)

The mad dash to get ready for the holidays and the whirl of activity which follows always leaves me feeling a bit scrambled. That and the fact that I'm reading "The Muralist" by Shapiro gave me an urge to feature Jackson Pollock the "slash and drip" artist in my blog. I'm using two sources almost exclusively so you can link for more information.

  

In the twenty years between his arrival in New York City to study art and his premature death, Jackson Pollock had emerged as the most original painter in America--famous for his unprecedented physical involvement with the act of painting.

Pollock's first mentor was Thomas Hart Benton. In 1930, Pollock left California before finishing high school to study under the famous regionalist painter at the Art Students League in New York. He was Benton's student for the next three years.

(Pollock's "Thomas Hart Benton" period)

Pollock's 1934 painting of a frontier journey connects his teacher's energetic style to his own roots in the American West: the scene may have come from a family photo of a bridge in Cody, Wyoming, where Pollock was born. The abstract swirling patterns evident in this landscape help illustrate why Benton boasted that with him Pollock had found "the essential rhythms" of art.

Jackson Pollock, Untitled, 1933-1938, pencil and colored pencil on paper, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Purchase, Anonymous Gift, 1990 (1990.4.8ab) © 1993 by The Metropolitan Museum of Art 

Pollock's sketchbook, containing more than 500 drawings, shows his continued efforts to organize compositions rooted in twisting counter shifts, as Benton had counseled. Pollock's early artistic training focused on traditional historical sources. Benton made his students study and reproduce the planar dynamics of European masterworks.

(During Pollock's "black pourings" period -- Murals)

Pollock preferred the fluidity of commercial enamel house paints to the more viscous texture of traditional oils. This choice allowed him to weave a more intricate pictorial web, flinging swirls of paint onto the canvas.

Total physical involvement of the artist defines this "action painting." Pollock spread canvas on the floor in his barn studio, or on the ground outside, and then splashed, dripped, and poured color straight from cans of commercial house paint. It was essential, he said, to "walk around it, work from all four sides, and be in the painting, similar to the Indian sand painters of the West." 

His friend and patron, the artist Alfonso Osorio, described Pollock's artistic journey this way: "Here I saw a man who had both broken all the traditions of the past and unified them, who had gone beyond cubism, beyond Picasso and surrealism, beyond everything that had happened in art....his work expressed both action and contemplation." 

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Pollock's biography

Two more works-in-progress on my latest "Stir Fry" oil on canvas. 

  

What is Style and how do you develop it?

I have a pair of old worn out slippers that I wear when the weather turns cold. They are ugly as sin, but they keep my feet warm and shield my ankles from drafts. I could throw them away and get another pair; but, hey, it doesn’t get that cold in Florida.

Like old ruts, my slippers are so comfortable it’s easy to forget how unsightly they’ve become. Like routines that become habits, old ruts are familiar and predictable. We sink into them easily without even noticing.

(Work in Progress) -- "Kindred Spirits"

Some people paint this way. I reviewed the portfolio of a young artist who was trying to develop a unique abstract style. Each painting looked much the same as the last. All of them used variations of red, green and blue on white. By the time I’d perused his portfolio, I was b-o-r-e-d! His theme became monotonous. 

Even the swipe of each brush stroke was similar in width and length, and no unusual center of interest emerged. The colors were all the same intensity; shouting for attention with no place for my eyes to rest.

We all fall into this trap at some time or another. We think style has something to do with similarity and recognition when style really gives us a larger picture of an artist’s capabilities and skill.

When you study the works of renowned artists, it is clear there are similarities in the way the brushwork is applied and in the colors used, but there is a greater principle at work. Style comprises the artist’s “world view” and how he connects to his or her audience. If a painting does not communicate, it remains stagnant and unremembered. Here are a few of my favorite artists and their unique styles:

Thomas Hart Benton

Benton was a “regionalist,” a painter who recorded the people and the places that he lived in and loved. I lived in Kansas City, Mo. when I first became acquainted with his work. His murals were in the capitol building and other public places. He painted the rural farmers, the railroad men, and the people in the city. His love was evident in the unique and swirling landscapes and in the curves and forms of the men and women who built the city from the ground up. The variety and the places he painted were so varied in content that even though his unique style is evident, each painting tells a distinct and original story.

Edouard Manet
Manet enjoyed surprising his audience. He preferred a loose and sketchy style, without fussy detail unless he chose to emphasize a certain area of the painting. He often used nudity to expose the foibles in the human condition.

Winslow Homer
Homer dappled in many mediums. He enjoyed watercolor as much as oil. He became skilled at both. You can almost see the growth in his style and skill with each painting. 


When he moved to Maine he began painting the sea in its wildest and most unpredictable forms. He became a master of the elements. The people he included in his paintings were often seafaring men and women, robust and hardworking.